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The core function of an air purifier motor is to drive air circulation. By establishing an internal air power system (air dynamics system) within the device, it draws in polluted indoor air into the body of the purifier. After the air is filtered through the filter screen, the clean air is discharged, forming a cyclic process of “suction – filtration – discharge”. Ultimately, this realizes the purification of indoor air. This core function directly determines the purification efficiency, energy consumption level, noise control, and service life of the air purifier, making it a key component that affects the overall performance of the device.
From the perspective of purification efficiency, the air volume and air pressure performance of the motor are core influencing factors. Air volume determines the volume of air that the purifier can process per unit time. The larger the air volume, the wider the purification coverage area of the device, and the faster the dilution rate of pollutants such as formaldehyde and PM2.5. Air pressure, on the other hand, affects the ability of air flow to penetrate the filter screen. When the filter screen accumulates dust after being used for a period of time, insufficient air pressure will cause obstruction to the air flow. Even if the filter screen still has filtering capacity, the purification efficiency will decrease significantly. For example, air purifiers equipped with brushless DC motors can usually achieve precise adjustment of air volume and air pressure. When dealing with a 15 – 30 square meter bedroom, they can automatically match an air volume of 300 – 500 cubic meters per hour according to the pollution concentration, ensuring that the PM2.5 concentration is reduced from an excessive value to below the safety standard within 30 minutes. In contrast, low – quality AC motors have a narrow range of air volume adjustment, which may lead to problems such as “excessive air volume in small spaces resulting in wasted energy consumption, and insufficient air volume in large spaces leading to slow purification”.
In terms of user experience, the noise control and energy consumption performance of the motor are crucial. Air purifiers are mostly used in enclosed spaces such as bedrooms and studies. The noise generated by the motor during operation directly affects the user’s rest or work. Brushless DC motors can reduce the operating noise to as low as 25 decibels (equivalent to the sound of whispering) by optimizing the rotor structure and magnetic circuit design. Even when running at a low speed at night, they will not interfere with sleep. However, due to the large friction of the rotor in traditional AC motors, the noise may still exceed 40 decibels when running at a low speed, which is likely to cause discomfort after long – term use. In terms of energy consumption, the electric energy conversion efficiency of brushless DC motors can reach more than 85%. Compared with AC motors with a conversion efficiency of only about 60%, when running 24 hours a day, they can save about 5 – 8 kWh of electricity per month, which can significantly reduce the electricity cost expenditure in the long run.
In addition, the stability and durability of the motor also affect the service life of the air purifier. High – quality motors adopt high – precision bearings and high – temperature resistant coils, which can maintain stable performance during continuous operation, with a service life of 8000 – 10000 hours (if used for 8 hours a day, it can be used for 3 – 4 years). However, due to the poor quality of components in low – quality motors, problems such as reduced speed and increased noise may occur after 1 – 2 years of use. This not only affects the purification effect, but also requires the replacement of the motor to continue using, increasing the maintenance cost.
