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In industries with high requirements for cleanliness such as food processing, electronic manufacturing, and pharmaceutical production, some production links not only need to maintain a dust-free environment in clean rooms but also generate pollutants such as oil fume (e.g., food baking, electronic component welding, etc.). As an important purification entrance to clean rooms, the coordinated operation of air showers and smoke exhaust fans is crucial to ensuring the safety of the production environment. However, in practical applications, problems such as the air shower purification effect being interfered by oil fume and substandard smoke exhaust often occur. So, how can air shower smoke exhaust fans achieve the coordination between clean room and oil fume purification to ensure the safety of the production environment?
Core Logic and Implementation Approaches of Coordinated Operation
The core logic for air shower smoke exhaust fans to achieve the coordination between clean room and oil fume purification is to adopt a combined scheme of “zonal purification + air flow coordination + intelligent regulation”. This scheme not only ensures the dust-free pretreatment effect of air showers on personnel/materials but also guarantees the efficient collection and purification of production oil fume by smoke exhaust fans. At the same time, it avoids mutual interference between the air flows of the two, and ultimately achieves the dual goals of meeting clean room environment standards and compliant oil fume emission. Specifically, it can be promoted from the following three aspects:
1. Optimize System Layout and Air Flow Organization
Air flow disturbance between air showers and smoke exhaust fans is the primary factor affecting the coordination effect, so scientific design should be carried out from the aspects of spatial layout and air flow direction. In terms of layout, the air inlet of the smoke exhaust fan should be accurately aligned with the oil fume generation source (such as baking ovens, welding stations) to form a “nearby collection” pattern, reducing the path of oil fume diffusion to the clean room; the air shower should be set in an independent channel at the entrance of the clean room, with sealed doors at both ends of the channel to avoid convection between the air flow of the smoke exhaust fan and the air shower. In terms of air flow direction, the air shower should adopt a “top-down” vertical air supply mode, outputting clean air through a high-efficiency HEPA filter to strongly purge dust on the surface of personnel/materials. The air is recovered and filtered through the return air outlet to form a closed-loop cycle; the smoke exhaust fan adopts a combined mode of “side suction + downward discharge”, using negative pressure to accurately suck in oil fume, avoiding upward diffusion of oil fume to the air shower area. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the entire clean room is in a micro-positive pressure environment and the smoke exhaust fan collection area is in a micro-negative pressure environment, forming an air barrier through the pressure difference to further prevent oil fume from invading the clean room.
2. Match Purification Technical Parameters
The purification capacity of air showers and smoke exhaust fans needs to be accurately matched according to the pollution load of the production scenario to avoid reduced purification effect due to mismatched parameters. For air showers, the corresponding HEPA filter grade (such as H13, H14 grade) should be selected according to the cleanliness level of the clean room (such as Class 100, Class 1000, Class 10000). At the same time, the air supply speed should be controlled at 20-30m/s to ensure that the purging force is sufficient to remove dust, and the air shower time is set to 10-30 seconds to ensure sufficient purging. For smoke exhaust fans, it is necessary to select appropriate purification technology according to the composition of oil fume (such as oil particles, organic waste gas), such as adopting a combined process of “electrostatic adsorption + activated carbon adsorption”: first, remove oil particles in the oil fume through an electrostatic adsorption device (removal efficiency can reach more than 95%), then purify organic waste gas and odors through an activated carbon adsorption device to ensure that the emitted gas meets the “Comprehensive Emission Standard for Air Pollutants”. In addition, the air volume of the smoke exhaust fan should be reasonably selected according to the amount of oil fume generated. Usually, each equipment that generates oil fume needs to be matched with an air volume of 1000-2000m³/h to avoid oil fume escape due to insufficient air volume.
3. Build an Intelligent Regulation System
During the production process, the amount of oil fume generated and the frequency of personnel entry and exit will change dynamically. It is difficult to maintain a stable coordination effect only by operating with fixed parameters, so an intelligent regulation system needs to be built to achieve dynamic adaptation. The system can collect data in real time through sensors: set dust concentration sensors and air pressure sensors in the clean room to monitor changes in cleanliness and air pressure in real time; set oil fume concentration sensors in the oil fume generation area to monitor oil fume concentration in real time; set personnel induction sensors in the air shower channel to monitor personnel entry and exit status. Based on these data, the intelligent system can automatically adjust the equipment operation parameters: when personnel enter the air shower, the system automatically starts the air shower program and adjusts the air supply volume according to the number of personnel; when the oil fume concentration increases, the system automatically increases the air volume and electrostatic adsorption voltage of the smoke exhaust fan to enhance the oil fume collection and purification capacity; when the air pressure in the clean room is lower than the set value, the system automatically adjusts the return air ratio of the air shower to supplement clean air and maintain a micro-positive pressure environment. At the same time, the system can set a fault alarm function. For example, when the HEPA filter is clogged or the purification efficiency of the smoke exhaust fan decreases, it will timely send an alarm signal to remind staff to carry out maintenance and replacement, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system.
Key Support: Daily Operation and Maintenance Management
In addition, daily operation and maintenance management is also an important support to ensure the coordination effect. It is necessary to regularly inspect and replace the HEPA filter of the air shower (usually every 6-12 months), and regularly clean the air supply channel and return air outlet of the air shower to avoid dust accumulation; regularly clean and replace the electrostatic adsorption device and activated carbon filter screen of the smoke exhaust fan (clean the electrostatic device every 1-2 months, and replace the activated carbon filter screen every 3-6 months) to ensure that the oil fume purification efficiency does not attenuate. At the same time, it is necessary to establish an operation and maintenance account to record equipment operation parameters, maintenance time and other information, providing data support for system optimization.
Summary
In summary, the coordinated operation of air shower smoke exhaust fans is not a simple superposition of equipment. Only through comprehensive coordination of layout optimization, parameter matching, intelligent regulation and standardized operation and maintenance can we not only ensure the dust-free environment of the clean room but also achieve compliant purification and emission of oil fume, providing double guarantee for the safety of the production environment.
